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<br />centrated milk or milk products, the volume or proportion of
<br />water to be added for recombining; and (10) the words "skim -
<br />milk solids added", and the percentage added if such solids have
<br />been added, except that this requirement shall not apply to recon-
<br />stituted or recombined milk or milk products: Provided, That
<br />only the identity of the producer dairy shall be required on cans
<br />delivered to a milk plant which receives only one grade of raw
<br />milk for pasteurization, and which immediately dumps, washes,
<br />and returns the cans to the producer dairy.
<br />The label, or mark, shall be in letters of an approved size,
<br />kind, and color, and shall contain no marks or words which are
<br />misleading.
<br />Homogenized milk or homogenized cream shall not be mixed
<br />with milk, skim milk, or cream which has not been homogenized,
<br />unless the product is labeled "homogenized" and conforms with
<br />the standards for homogenization in Section 1 (J) .
<br />SECTION 5. INSPECTION OF DAIRY FARMS AND
<br />MILK PLANTS.—Prior to the issuance of a permit, and at least
<br />once every six months thereafter, the health officer shall inspect
<br />all dairy farms. All milk plants whose milk or milk products are
<br />intended for consumption within the municipality of Charlottes-
<br />ville, Va., or its police jurisdiction shall be inspected monthly.
<br />If the health officer should discover the violation of any require-
<br />ment, he shall make a second inspection after a lapse of such
<br />time as he may deem necessary for the defect to be remedied,
<br />but not before the lapse of 3 days; and the second inspection
<br />shall be used in determining compliance with the requirements
<br />of Section 7 of this ordinance. Any violation of the same
<br />requirement of this ordinance on such reinspection shall be
<br />justification for immediate degrading, suspension of permit, and/
<br />or court action.
<br />One copy of the inspection report shall be posted by the
<br />health officer in a conspicuous place upon an inside wall of the
<br />milk house or milk plant, and said inspection report shall not
<br />be defaced or removed by any person except the health officer.
<br />Another copy of the inspection report shall be filed with the
<br />records of the health department.
<br />Every milk producer and distributor shall, upon request of
<br />the health officer, permit him access to all parts of the estab-
<br />lishment; and every distributor shall furnish the health officer,
<br />upon his request, for official use only, a true statement of the
<br />actual quantities of milk and milk products of each grade pur-
<br />chased and sold, together with a list of all sources of such milk
<br />and milk products, records of inspections and tests, and pas-
<br />teurization time and temperature records.
<br />SECTION 6. THE EXAMINATION OF MILK AND
<br />MILK PRODUCTS.—During each 6 -month period, at least four
<br />of the last four consecutive samples, unless the last individual
<br />result is within the grade limit.
<br />In case of violation of the phosphatase -test requirement, the
<br />problem cause shall be determined and corrected before milk or
<br />milk products from the plant concerned again can be sold as
<br />pasteurized milk or milk products.
<br />SECTION 7. THE GRADING OF MILK AND MILK
<br />PRODUCTS.—At least once every 6 months, the health officer
<br />shall announce the grades of all milk and milk products delivered
<br />by all distributors and ultimately consumed within the munici-
<br />pality of Charlottesville, Va., or its police jurisdiction.
<br />Grades shall be based on the following standards, the grad-
<br />ing of milk products being identical with the grading of milk,
<br />except that the bacterial -count standards shall be doubled in
<br />the case of cream and half and half, and shall be omitted in the
<br />case of sour cream, buttermilk, cultured buttermilk, cultured
<br />milk, cottage cheese, and creamed cottage cheese. Vitamin D
<br />milk shall be only grade A pasteurized, grade B pasteurized, or
<br />certified pasteurized quality. The grade of a milk product shall
<br />be that of the lowest grade of milk or milk product used in its
<br />preparation.
<br />CERTIFIED MILK-RAW.—Certified milk -raw is raw milk
<br />which conforms with the latest requirements of the American
<br />Association of Medical Milk Commissions in force at the time
<br />of the adoption of this ordinance, and which is produced under
<br />the supervision of a medical milk commission reporting monthly
<br />to the health officer, and of the State health authority or health
<br />officer of the City of Charlottesville, Va.
<br />GRADE "A" RAW MILK FOR DIRECT SALE TO CON-
<br />SUMER.—Grade "A" raw milk for direct sale to consumer is
<br />defined to be raw milk the average bacterial plate count of which
<br />as determined under Section 1 (S) and 6 of this chapter, does
<br />not exceed 50,000 per cubic centimeter, or the average direct
<br />microscopic count of which does not exceed 50,000 per cubic cen-
<br />timeter if clumps are counted, or 200,000 per cubic centimeter
<br />if individual organisms are counted, or the average reduction
<br />time of which is not -less than 8 hours, and is produced by a
<br />dairy which conforms with the following items of sanitation.
<br />GRADE A RAW MILK FOR PASTEURIZATION.—Grade
<br />A raw milk for pasteurization is defined to be raw milk from
<br />producer dairies conforming with the following items of sani-
<br />tation. The bacterial plate count or the direct microscopic
<br />clump count of the milk, as delivered from the farm, shall not
<br />exceed 100,000 per milliliter, as determined in accordance with
<br />Section 6.
<br />Item 1r. COWS, HEALTH.—All milk for pasteurization shall
<br />be from herds that have passed an annual tuberculin test. All
<br />samples of milk and cream from each dairy farm, and at least
<br />four samples of milk, cream, and homogenized milk from each
<br />milk plant, shall be taken on separate days and examined by
<br />the health officer: Provided, That in the case of raw milk for
<br />.
<br />pasteurization, the health officer may accept the test results
<br />of laboratories which he has checked periodically and found
<br />satisfactory. Samples of other milk products shall be taken and
<br />examined by the health officer at least once during each 6 -month
<br />period. Samples may be taken at any time prior to the final
<br />delivery of the milk or milk products. Samples of milk and
<br />milk products from stores, cafes, soda fountains, restaurants,
<br />and other places where milk or milk products are sold shall be
<br />examined as often as the health officer may require. All proprie-
<br />tors of such places shall furnish the health officer, upon his
<br />request, with the names of all distributors from whom their
<br />milk and milk products are obtained. Bacterial place counts,
<br />direct microscopic counts, coliform determinations, phosphatase
<br />tests, efficiency of bactericidal treatment, and other laboratory
<br />and screening tests shall conform to the procedures in the latest
<br />edition of "Standard Methods for the Examination of Dairy
<br />Products" recommended by the American Public Health Asso-
<br />ciation, current at the time of adoption of this ordinance. Exam-
<br />inations may include such other chemical and physical determi-
<br />nations as the health officer may deem necessary for the detec-
<br />tion of adulteration. Bio -assays of the vitamin D content of
<br />vitamin D milk and milk products shall be made when required
<br />by the health officer in a laboratory approved by him for such
<br />examinations.
<br />Whenever the average bacterial count or the average cooling
<br />temperature of the last four consecutive samples, taken on sep-
<br />arate days, is beyond the limit for the grade then held, the
<br />health officer shall send written notice thereof to the person
<br />concerned, and shall take an additional sample, but not before
<br />the lapse of 3 days, for determining a new average in accordance
<br />with Section 1 (S) . Violation of the grade requirements by the
<br />new average, or by any subsequent average during the remainder
<br />of the current 6 -month period, shall call for immediate degrad-
<br />ing, suspension of permit, and/or court action, unless the last
<br />individual result is within the grade limit.
<br />Whenever more than one of the last four consecutive coli-
<br />form counts of samples taken on separate days are beyond the
<br />limit for the grade then held, the health officer shall send written
<br />notice thereof to the person concerned. He shall then take an
<br />additional sample, but not before the lapse of 3 days. Immediate
<br />degrading, suspension of permit, and; or court action shall be
<br />called for when the grade limit is violated by such additional
<br />samples, or when the grade limit is again violated during the
<br />remainder of the current 6 -month period by more than one
<br />additions to such herds shall be free from tuberculosis. Said
<br />tests and retests shall be made, and any reactors disposed of,
<br />in accordance with the latest requirements approved by the
<br />Bureau of Animal Industry, United States Department of Agri-
<br />culture, for tuberculosis -free, accredited herds, in effect at the
<br />time of the adoption of this ordinance. A certificate identifying
<br />each animal, signed by the veterinarian or attested to by the
<br />health officer, and filed as directed by the health officer, shall be
<br />evidence of the above test.
<br />Within one year after the adoption of this ordinance, all
<br />milk and milk products for pasteurization shall be from herds
<br />certified by the State Livestock Sanitary Authority as following
<br />either Plan A or Plan B approved by the BAI for the eradication
<br />of brucellosis. Evidence of this certification shall be filed as
<br />directed by the health officer. All additions to the herd shall
<br />be brucellosis -free. Tests and retests shall be made, and any
<br />reactors disposed of, in accordance with the latest requirements
<br />approved by the BAI, USDA, in effect at the time of the adoption
<br />of this ordinance. A certificate identifying each animal, signed •
<br />by the veterinarian and the director of the laboratory making
<br />the test, and filed as directed by the health officer, shall be evi-
<br />dence of the above test.
<br />Cows which show a complete induration of one quarter or
<br />extensive induration in one or more quarters of the udder upon
<br />physical examination, whether secreting abnormal milk or not,
<br />shall be permanently excluded from the milking herd: Provided,
<br />That this shall not apply in the case of a quarter that is com-
<br />pletely dry. Cows giving bloody, stringy, or otherwise abnormal
<br />milk. but without entire or extensive induration of the udder,
<br />shall be excluded from the herd until re-examination shows
<br />that the milk has become normal.
<br />For other diseases, such tests and examinations as the
<br />health officer may require after consultation with State livestock
<br />sanitary officials shall be made at intervals and by methods
<br />prescribed by him, and any diseased animals or reactors shalI
<br />be disposed of as he may require.
<br />Item 2r. MILKING BARN, LIGHTING.—A milking barn,
<br />stable, or parlor shall be provided. It shall be provided with
<br />adequate light, properly distributed, for both day and night
<br />milking.
<br />Item 3r. MILKING BARN, AIR SPACE AND VENTILA-
<br />TION.—Such sections of the milking barn, stable, or parlor,
<br />where cows are kept or milked, shall be well ventilated, and
<br />shall be so arranged as to avoid overcrowding.
<br />Item 4r. MILKING BARN, FLOORS, ANIMALS.—The
<br />floors and gutters of that portion of the barn, stable, or parlor,
<br />in which cows are milked, shall be constructed of concrete, or
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