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AN ORDINANCE AMENDING AND RE-ENACTING
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<br />THE CODE OF THE CITY OF CHARLOTTESVILLE,
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<br />1959, BY THE REPEAL OF CHAPTER 22 AND BY
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<br />THE ADDITION THERETO OF A NEW CHAPTER
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<br />NUMBERED 22.1 ENTITLED “PLUMBING, SEWERS
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<br />AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL.”
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<br />BE IT ORDAINED by the Council of the City of Charlottesville that Chapter 22 of the Code of the City of Charlottesville, 1959,
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<br /> is hereby repealed and Chapter 22.1 is added to said Code and reads as follows:
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<br />CHAPTER 22. REPEALED.
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<br />CHAPTER 22.1. PLUMBING, SEWERS AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL.
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<br /> CHAPTER 22.1
<br />
<br /> PLUMBING, SEWERS AND SEWAGE DISPOSAL
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<br />ARTICLE I — ADMINISTRATION
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<br /> Sec. 22.1-1. Basic Principles
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<br />The basic principles of this Code are enunciated as basic goals in environmental sanitation worthy of accomplishment through
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<br /> properly designed, acceptably installed, and adequately maintained plumbing systems.
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<br />Some of the details of plumbing construction must vary, but the basic sanitary and safety principles are the same. The results
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<br /> desired and necessary to protect the health of the people are the same everywhere.
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<br />While the following principles are not Code requirements, when unforeseen situations arise which are not covered in the body of
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<br /> the Code, such principles shall be used to determine the intent of this Code.
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<br /> Principle No. 1 — Safe Water Supply
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<br />All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy, or use shall be provided with a supply of pure and wholesome water,
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<br />neither connected with unsafe water supplies nor subject to the hazards of backflow or back-siphonage.
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<br /> Principle No. 2 — Adequate Volume and Pressure
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<br />Plumbing fixtures, devices, and appurtenances shall be supplied with water in sufficient volume and at pressures adequate
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<br /> to enable them to function satisfactorily and without undue noise under all normal conditions of use.
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<br /> Principle No. 3 — Water Conservation
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<br />Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the minimum quantity of water consistent with proper performance and cleaning.
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<br /> Principle No. 4 — Water Heating Safety
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<br />Devices for heating and storing water shall be so designed and so installed as to prevent dangers from explosion through overheating.
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<br />Principle No. 5 — Sewer Connection Required
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<br />Every building having plumbing fixtures installed and intended for human habitation, occupancy, or use on premises abutting
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<br />on a street, alley, or easement in which there is a public sewer shall have a connection with the sewer.
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<br />Principle No. 6 — Minimum Sanitary Fixtures
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<br />Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a sewer or with a private sewage disposal system shall be provided with
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<br />sanitary plumbing facilities adequate to meet the basic requirements of sanitation and personal hygiene, including a lavatory
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<br /> and bathtub or shower.
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<br />Principle No. 7 — Fixture Materials and Location
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<br />Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth, nonabsorbent material, shall be free from concealed fouling surfaces, and shall
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<br /> be located in ventilated enclosures.
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<br />Principle No. 8 — Drainage System Design
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<br />The drainage system shall be designed, constructed, and maintained so as to guard against fouling, deposit of solids and
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<br /> clogging, and with adequate cleanouts so arranged that the pipes may be readily cleaned.
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<br />Principle No. 9 — Durable Piping
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<br />The piping of the plumbing system shall be of durable material, free from defective workmanship, and so designed and
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<br />constructed as to give satisfactory service for its reasonable expected life.
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<br />Principle No. 10 — Water-Seal Traps
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<br />Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system shall be equipped with a water-seal trap.
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<br />Principle No. 11 — Ventilation of Drainage System
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<br />The drainage system shall be designed to provide an adequate circulation of air in all pipes, with no danger of siphonage,
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<br />aspiration, or forcing of trap seals under conditions of ordinary use.
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<br />Principle No. 12 — Vent Terminals
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<br />Each vent terminal shall extend to the outer air and be so installed as to minimize the possibilities of clogging and the return
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<br /> of foul air to the building.
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<br />Principle No. 13 — Testing for Leaks and Defects
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<br />The plumbing system shall be subjected to such tests as will effectively disclose all leaks and defects in the work.
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<br />Principle No. 14 — Harmful Substances Prohibited
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<br />No substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive mixtures, destroy the pipes or their joints, or interfere unduly with
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<br /> the sewage disposal process shall be allowed to enter the building drainage system.
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<br />Principle No. 15 — Protection Against Contamination
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<br />Proper protection shall be provided to prevent contamination of food, water, sterile goods, and similar materials by backflow or sewage.
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<br />When necessary, the fixture, device, or appliance shall be connected indirectly with the building drainage system.
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<br /> Definitions of Terms
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<br />AIR GAP
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<br />An air gap in a water supply system is the unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest
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<br /> opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood-level rim of the receptacle.
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<br />ANCHORS - See SUPPORTS.
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<br /> APPROVED
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<br />Approved means accepted or acceptable under an applicable specification stated or cited in this Code, or accepted as
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<br /> suitable for the proposed use under procedures and powers by the Plumbing Board.
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<br /> AREA DRAIN
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<br />An area drain is a receptacle designed to collect surface or rain water from an open area.
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<br /> BACKFLOW
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<br />Backflow is the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water
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<br />from any source or sources other than its intended source. (See BACK-SIPHONAGE.)
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<br />BACKFLOW CONNECTION
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<br />Backflow connection or condition is any arrangement whereby backflow can occur.
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<br />BACKFLOW PREVENTER
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<br />A backflow preventer is a device or means to prevent backflow into the potable water system.
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<br /> BACK-SIPHONAGE
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<br />Back-siphonage is the flowing back of used, contaminated, or polluted water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water
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<br /> supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe. See BACKFLOW.
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<br /> BATTERY OF FIXTURES
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<br />A “battery of fixtures” is any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharge into a common horizontal waste or soil branch.
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<br /> BOILER BLOW-OFF
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<br />A boiler blow-off is an outlet on a boiler to permit emptying or discharge of sediment.
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<br /> BRANCH
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<br />A branch is any part of the piping system other than a main, riser or stack.
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<br /> BRANCH HORIZONTAL See HORIZONTAL BRANCH.
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<br /> BRANCH FIXTURE See FIXTURE BRANCH.
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<br />BRANCH INTERVAL
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<br />A branch interval is a length of soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height.
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<br />CROSS CONNECTION
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<br />A cross connection is a connection or arrangement between two piping systems whereby flow may occur from one system
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<br /> to the other, the direction of flow depending on the pressure differential between the two systems.
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<br />See BACKFLOW and BACK-SIPHONAGE.
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<br />DEAD END
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<br />A dead end is a branch leading from a soil, waste, or vent pipe, building drain, or building sewer, which is terminated at
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<br /> a developed distance of two feet or more by means of a plug or other closed fitting.
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<br />DEVELOPED LENGTH
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<br />The developed length of a pipe is the length along the center line of the pipe and fittings.
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<br />DIAMETER
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<br />Unless specifically stated, the term “diameter” is the nominal diameter as designated commercially.
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<br />DOUBLE OFFSET
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<br />A double offset is two changes of direction installed in succession or series in continuous pipe.
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<br />DOWNSPOUT See LEADER.
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<br />DRAIN
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<br />A drain is any pipe which carries waste water or water-borne wastes in a building drainage system.
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<br />DRAINAGE PIPING
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<br />See DRAINAGE SYSTEM. DRAINAGE SYSTEM
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<br />A drainage system, or drainage piping, includes all the piping within public or private premises which conveys sewage,
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<br />rain water, or other liquid wastes to a legal point of disposal, but does not include the mains of a public sewer system.
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<br />DUAL VENT See COMMON VENT.
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<br />DURHAM SYSTEM
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<br />Durham system is a term used to describe soil or waste systems where all piping is of threaded pipe, tubing, or other such
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<br /> rigid construction, using recessed drainage fittings to correspond to the types of piping.
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<br />EFFECTIVE OPENING
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<br />The effective opening is the minimum cross-sectional area at the point of water-supply discharge, measured or expressed in terms of:
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<br />1. the diameter of a circle; or
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<br />2. if the opening is not circular, the diameter of a circle of equivalent cross-sectional area.
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<br />(This is applicable to air gap.)
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<br />EXISTING WORK
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<br />Existing work is plumbing which has been installed or approved for installation prior to the effective date of this Code.
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<br />FIRM. See CONTRACTING FIRM.
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